古代审计厅展示了自西周以来直到清代的官计审计、上计审计、比部审计、三司审计、科道审计的发展脉络。馆藏品中有各种秤、尺、斗、算盘、天平，有南宋第一枚审计官印、明代城墙砖、云锦官服补子等，以及仿活字印刷的审计文字墙、汉武帝受计大会模拟场景、唐代太仓审计模拟场景等，生动地展现了中国古代源远流长的审计文化。
（2018.03.29文字更新）
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The hall “Auditing in ancient China” shows the development of auditing from the Western Zhou Dynasty (c. 11th century-771 B.C.) to Qing dynasty. This elaborately designed gallery includes Auditing on officers’ financial management assessments, the Reported Audit, the audit system of Bibu, the audit of three departments and the audit system of the central ambassador. There are many ancient measurement tools such as scales, rules and abacuses on display, as well as collections like the first govern seal of auditor, bricks from the Ming Dynasty City Wall, the cloth for audit officers. Moreover, a wall only made up of movable type models decorated with Chinese characters of “audit” was inspired by one of the four ancient creations—“typography”, anda resembled ancient scene of the Audit Congress holding by Emperor Hanwu and the scene of the grain audit in Tang Dynasty. These exhibitions are a vivid representation of the glory of Chinese ancient auditing.